What is Anal Cancer? Anal cancer is an uncommon malignancy type of cancer that occurs in the anal canal (opening at the end of the rectum). Anal cancer has its own signs and symptoms such as rectal bleeding and anal pain. A combination of treatments are given to people suffering with anal cancer i.e. chemotherapy and radiation. A drawback with the combination of treatment is the risk of getting the side effects increases. What Are the Symptoms of Anal Cancer?Below are the signs and symptoms of anal cancer are:
Causes of Anal CancerAnal cancer forms when a genetic mutation causes the conversion of healthy cells into abnormal cells. These cells start growing out of control and they don’t die these cells get accumulated which take a form of tumor. Anal cancer is closely associated to a sexually transmitted disease called human papillomavirus (HPV) and it is found to be the common cause of anal cancer. Stages of Anal CancerIf a person is found with anal cancer following stages will help in detecting the severity of the disease-
Stage 0 is also called high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). In Stage 0 there is a formation of abnormal cells takes place in the mucosa (innermost layer) of the anus and with this they start spreading in to nearby normal tissues. Tumor sizes vary from 1 cm to 10 cm or 2 inches to 4 inches Stage I In stage I, cancer cells has takes its form and the size of tumor is 2 centimetres or smaller. Stage II Stage II anal cancer is divided into two stages IIA and IIB.
Stage III anal cancer comprises of three different stages i.e. IIIA, IIIB, and IIIC.
In stage IV, the tumor size is not definite it can be of any size. Cancer has spread to lymph nodes or adjacent organs and also to other parts of the body, such as the liver or lungs. Treatment options according to stagesThere are different types of treatment for patients with anal cancer at different stages. Treatment in Stage 0 (Carcinoma in Situ) stage 0 is treated using local resection. This process removes the tumor from the anus along with that some healthy tissues too. This method is used only in cases of small tumors which have not spread. They did not disrupt in the bowel movement. Treatment in Stages I, II, and III Anal Cancer Stage I, stage II, and stage III anal cancer are treated with following:
Treatment of stage IV anal cancer comprises of palliative surgery, chemotherapy and radiation therapy with the following procedure:
OutlookThe outlook for a person with anal cancer will depends on the stage at which he/she is diagnosed with this cancer.
Many people are able to cope up with the disease even after diagnosis and live long and healthy lives. Early detection and treatment can only cure the person. 3MEDS facilitates you with its online service of Generic anti cancer medicines at low cost Delhi so, that you can treat yourself well without getting dependent on others for your medicines.
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